A battery management system (BMS) is used to help maximize the life expectancy of a battery by monitoring the charging condition for voltage, current and temperature of the battery cell. THE BMS transformer manages the charging, discharging, as well as the monitors essential safety factors including temperature, state of charge and the state of health of the battery. The BMS also works to prevent the battery from overheating.
A typical battery monitor IC measures cell voltage, pack temperature and performs cell balancing. In some models, there is also a current sense input port for shunt-based current measurment.